Applied research
| ✰ Also called marketing research/Formal Research. |
| ✰ Applied research is often opposite/contrasted with Fundamental research. |
| ✰ Applied research is done to solve specific, practical questions facing the society. |
| ✰ Applied research is the practical application of science. |
| ✰ It is the branch of science that applies existing scientific knowledge to develop more practical applications, including inventions and other technological advancements. |
| ✰ Research findings are intended to have immediate and practical value. |
| ✰ In the field of education, policy, and evaluation are the example of applied research. |
| ✰ Applied Research can be used for policy formulation, administration and understanding of a phenomenon. |
| ✰ It is the application of concepts. |
| ✰ It is always done according to basic research and can be carried out by academic or industrial institutions. |
Applied research can be following two categories:
- Action research
- Evaluation research
1) Action research
| ✰ Action Research is a type of applied research that is set on providing practical solutions to specific business problems by pointing the business in the right directions. |
| ✰ Research intends to find out immediate solutions for a problem that the society is actually experiencing. |
| ✰ Kurt Lewin first coined the term “action research” in 1944. |
| ✰ Its main focus on practical immediate solution. |
| ✰ Action research has predefined process consists of four steps, such as planning, acting, observing and reflecting. |
| ✰ It is also called cyclical research/ cycle of inquiry/ cycle of action. |
Important Features of Action Research:
| ✰ Action research is collaborative in nature. |
| ✰ Researcher is a part of situation, rather than outside spectator. |
| ✰ Action research is done by practitioners themselves rather than professional or expert researchers. |
| ✰ It is self- evaluative. |
| ✰ Action research also means ‘learning by doing’. |
| ✰ Academic, Institutional and organizational sector. |
| ✰ It is used to solve Local Level Problem. Hence, its findings cannot be generalized. |
Action Research Cycle
| ✰ The main goal of action research to identify problems and then bring about an iterative plan of action with strategies to attempt for best practice. |
There are basic four stages in the action research
1.Reflect
2.Plan
3.Act
4.Observe
2) Evaluation research
| ✰ It is a type of applied research. |
| ✰ Evaluation research also known as program evaluation, analyses existing information about a research subject to arrive at objective research outcomes or reach informed decisions. |
| ✰ This type of applied research is mostly applied in business contexts, Government policy. |
| ✰ For example, an organisation may adopt evaluation research to determine how to cut down overhead costs, swatchh bharat abhiyan. |
You Should Learn Difference between fundamental and applied research for Better Performance
You should learn previous year solution on this topic. GO Below ☟
Q1 | NET PAPER-1 JUNE 2021Given below are two statements: Statement I: Exploratory studies mainly aim at developing hypotheses or questions for further research. Statement II: The goal of formal study is to test the hypotheses or answer the questions posed. In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below |
| i ➥ Both Stetement I and Statement II are false |
| ii ➥ Both Stetement I and Statement II are true |
| iii ➥ Stetement I is false but Statement II are true |
| iv ➥ Stetement I is true but Statement II are false |
| Answer –II |
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| Q2 | NET Nov 2020 24 Sept Shift-I A college teacher plans a research programme in which he/she intends to improve the socio-emotional aspect of his/her classroom climate during teaching which one of the following research methods will be considered appropriate in this context? |
| i ➥ Experimental method |
| ii ➥ Descriptive method |
| iii ➥ Historical method |
| iv ➥ Action research method |
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| Q3 | NET Nov 2020 24 Sept Shift-II A teacher proposes to find out the effect of praise and encouragement during a teaching learning session based on Skinner՚s theory of reinforcement. What type of research will it belong to? |
| i ➥ Fundamental research |
| ii ➥ Evaluative research |
| iii ➥ Action research |
| iv ➥ Applied research |
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| Q4 | NET Nov 2020 24 Sept Shift-II Given below are two statements Statement I: All research adds to the corpus of knowledge by advancing a theory Statement II: The focus of action research is basically on the amelioration of prevalent practices In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below |
| i ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are true |
| ii ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are false |
| iii ➥ Statement I is true but Statement II is false |
| iv ➥ Statement I is false but Statement II is true |
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| Q5 | NET Nov 2020 25 Sept Shift-I Which of the following research is intervention-based, cyclic in nature and improvement focused? |
| i ➥ Case study research |
| ii ➥ Survey research |
| iii ➥ Experimental research |
| iv ➥ Action research |
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| Q6 | NET 9-October-2020 Shift – I Which of the following research forms, aims primarily at putting to use the theoretical advances with an eye on exploring the potential for generalizability? |
| i ➥ Fundamental research |
| ii ➥ Evaluative research |
| iii ➥ Action research |
| iv ➥ Applied research |
| Answer – IV |
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| Q7 | NET 17-October-2020 Shift – II Given below are two statements: Statement I: The goal of inquiry in fundamental research is directed at bringing an increment in the fund of knowledge. Statement II: Action research is a research by the practitioner, for the practitioner and of the practitioner. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer options given below: |
| i ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are true |
| ii ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |
| iii ➥ Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect |
| iv ➥ Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct |
| Answer – I |
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| Q8 | NET 17-October-2020 Shift – II Which argument may be advanced in support of action research in education? |
| i ➥ The researcher breaks fresh ground in the field of enquiry. |
| ii ➥ The knowledge is applied to extend further generalization. |
| iii ➥ Some new principles are formulated for explaining |
| iv ➥ The educational situation as well as the practitioner of education undergo a change for the better. |
| Answer – IV |
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| Q9 | NET 5-November-2020 Shift – II Given below are two statements: Statement I: Fundamental research is directed at exploring the applicability of truths and principles already established. Statement II: Action research aims at ameliorating the ongoing conditions and practices. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: |
| i ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are correct |
| ii ➥ Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |
| iii ➥ Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect |
| iv ➥ Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct |
| Answer – IV |
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| Q10 | NET 11-November-2020 Shift – I Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R) : Assertion (A) : The purpose of research is also to revisit the situations in a bid to ensure needed amelioration and improvement. Reason (R) : Action research is a format of research which is basically directed at bettering the situations. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: |
| i ➥ Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
| ii ➥ Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
| iii ➥ (A) is true but (R) is false |
| iv ➥ (A) is false but (R) is true |
| Answer – II |
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| Q11 | NET 11-November-2020 Shift – II Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R): Assertion (A): In order to bridge the gap between theory and practice both fundamental and applied research formats have to be promoted. Reason (R): Fundamental research focuses on theory making and applied research is directed at exploring the applicability of theory in varied practical situations. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: |
| i ➥ Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
| ii ➥ Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A) |
| iii ➥ (A) is correct but (R) is not correct |
| iv ➥ (A) is not correct but (R) is correct |
| Answer – I |
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| Q12 | NET December 2019 A university teacher plans to improve the study habits of students in his/her class. Which type of research paradigm will be helpful in this regard? |
| i ➥ Evaluative research paradigm |
| ii ➥ Fundamental research paradigm |
| iii ➥ Applied research paradigm |
| iv ➥ Action research paradigm |
| Answer – IV |
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| Q13 | NET June 2018 Which of the sets of activities best indicate the cyclic nature of action research strategy? |
| i ➥ Reflect, Observe, Plan, Act |
| ii ➥ Observe, Act, Reflect, Plan |
| iii ➥ Act, Plan, Observe, Reflect |
| iv ➥ Plan, Act, Observe, Reflect |
| Answer – IV |
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| Q14 | NET June 2018 There are two sets given below. Set – I specifies the types of research, while Set – II indicates their characteristics. Match the two and give your answer by selecting the appropriate code.  |
| i ➥ (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i) |
| ii ➥ (a)-(v), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii) |
| iii ➥ (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv) |
| iv ➥ (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(v) |
| Answer – I |
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| Q15 | NET November 2017 Which of the following research types focuses on ameliorating the prevailing situations? |
| i ➥ Applied Research |
| ii ➥ Action Research |
| iii ➥ Experimental Research |
| iv ➥ Fundamental Research |
| Answer – II |
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| Q16 | NET January 2017 In doing action research what is the usual sequence of steps? |
| i ➥ Reflect, observe, plan, act |
| ii ➥ Plan, act, observe, reflect |
| iii ➥ Plan, reflect, observe, act |
| iv ➥ Act, observe, plan, reflect |
| Answer – II |
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| Q18 | NET January 2017 The principal of a school conducts an interview session of teachers and students with a view to explore the possibility of their enhanced participation in school programmes. This endeavour may be related to which type of research? |
| i ➥ Evaluation Research |
| ii ➥ Fundamental Research |
| iii ➥ Action Research |
| iv ➥ Applied Research |
| Answer – III |
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| Q19 | NET June 2015 Jean Piaget gave a theory of cognitive development of humans on the basis of his: |
| i ➥ Evaluation Research |
| ii ➥ Fundamental Research |
| iii ➥ Applied Research |
| iv ➥ Action Research |
| Answer – II |
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| Q20 | NET December 2013 The Principles of fundamental research are used in |
| i ➥ action research |
| ii ➥ applied research |
| iii ➥ philosophical research |
| iv ➥ historical research |
| Answer – II |
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| Q21 | NET June 2012 The research that aims at immediate application is |
| i ➥ Action Research |
| ii ➥ Empirical Research |
| iii ➥ Conceptual Research |
| iv ➥ Fundamental Research |
| Answer – I |
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| Q22 | NET June 2011 Newton gave three basic laws of motion. This research is categorized as |
| i ➥ Descriptive Research |
| ii ➥ Sample Survey |
| iii ➥ Fundamental Research |
| iv ➥ Applied Research |
| Answer – IV |
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| Q23 | NET June 2010 Action research means |
| i ➥ A research initiated to solve an immediate problem |
| ii ➥ An applied research |
| iii ➥ A longitudinal research |
| iv ➥ A research with socioeconomic objective |
| Answer – I |
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| Q24 | NET June 2010 If a researcher conducts a research on finding out which administrative style contributes more to institutional effectiveness ? This will be an example of |
| i ➥ Action research |
| ii ➥ Applied Research |
| iii ➥ Basic Research |
| iv ➥ None of the above |
| Answer – II |
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| Q25 | NET December 2009 Action research is |
| i ➥ A longitudinal research |
| ii ➥ A research carried out to solve immediate problems |
| iii ➥ Simulative research |
| iv ➥ An applied research |
| Answer – II |
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| Q26 | NET June 2009 Action-research is: |
| i ➥ An applied research |
| ii ➥ A research carried out to solve immediate problems |
| iii ➥ A longitudinal research |
| iv ➥ All the above |
| Answer – II |
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| Q27 | NET June 2009 Which of the following is classified in the category of the developmental research? |
| i ➥ Philosophical research |
| ii ➥ Action research |
| iii ➥ Descriptive research |
| iv ➥ All the above |
| Answer – IV |
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| Q28 | NET December 2008 The research that applies the laws at the time of field study to draw more and more clear ideas about the problem is: |
| i ➥ Applied research |
| ii ➥ Action research |
| iii ➥ Experimental research |
| iv ➥ None of these |
| Answer – III |
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